Effect of Biochar and Inorganic or Organic Fertilizer Co-Application on Soil Properties, Plant Growth and Nutrient Content in Swiss Chard

From the perspective of sustainable agri-food production, farmers need to make best use natural resources. Biochar can be a solution adopt more way farming. Despite its environmental and agronomic advantages, biochar has low plant nutrient value. This study evaluated effect co-application an inorganic or organic fertilizer on soil properties, growth content Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cycla, Caryophyllales order, Chenopodiaceae family). The experiment consisted two factors: type (from vineyard prunings wood chips) fertilizing source (ammonium nitrate vermicompost). Biochars were applied at 2% rate (w/w) fertilizers dose providing 280 kg N ha−1. properties (pH, EC, extractable anions, cations, total N, Corg C/N ratio) measured before plants transplanted end growing cycle, along with parameters (leaf number, length fresh weight) each leaf cut, productive (total number leaves yield per plant) cycle anions (NO3−, P2O43−, SO42−), cations (NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) N. had positive content. Vermicompost increased by 22% 116%, in contrast biochar, limited NO3− accumulation about 81% comparison ammonium nitrate. vermicompost is better option increase while preserving nutritional health qualities product.